On December 27, 2020, then President Donald Trump signed the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (CAA) into law. The bill allocated $1.4 trillion in federal spending for 2021 and $900 billion in COVID-19 relief measures. Tucked inside the 1,067-page bill is Section BB, Title I, the No Surprises Act, which establishes new protections for consumers against surprise bills.